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Cipriano Ricardo Flores Magón ((:riˈkarðo ˈfloɾes maˈɣon); September 16, 1874 – November 21, 1922) was a noted Mexican anarchist and social reform activist.〔 . However, he is invariably known to posterity as "Ricardo".〕 His brothers Enrique and Jesús were also active in politics. Followers of the Magón brothers were known as Magonistas. He has been considered an important participant in the social movement that sparked the Mexican Revolution.〔 == Biography == Ricardo was born on 16 September 1874, in San Antonio Eloxochitlán, Oaxaca, an indigenous Mazatec community. His father, Teodoro Flores, was a Zapotec Indian and his mother, Margarita Magón was a Mestiza. The couple met each other in 1863 during the Siege of Puebla when both were carrying munitions to the Mexican troops. Magón explored the writings and ideas of many early anarchists, such as Mikhail Bakunin and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, but was also influenced by anarchist contemporaries Élisée Reclus, Charles Malato, Errico Malatesta, Anselmo Lorenzo, Emma Goldman, and Fernando Tarrida del Mármol. He was most influenced by Peter Kropotkin. He also read from the works of Karl Marx and Henrik Ibsen.〔Stephen P. Reyna, R. E. Downs. (1999) ''Deadly Developments: Capitalism, States and War'' p. 101, Taylor & Francis Group, ISBN 978-9056995898〕 He was one of the major thinkers of the Mexican Revolution and the Mexican revolutionary movement in the Partido Liberal Mexicano. Flores Magón organised with the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and edited the Mexican anarchist newspaper ''Regeneración'', which aroused the workers against the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz.〔 * 〕 Kropotkin's ''The Conquest of Bread'', which Flores Magón considered a kind of anarchist bible, served as basis for the short-lived revolutionary communes in Baja California during the "Magonista" Revolt of 1911. The Magón brothers were from a family of modest means in Oaxaca and all three studied law at the Escuela Nacional de Jurisprudencia (today Faculty of Law of the UNAM).〔John Mason Hart (1987) ''Revolutionary Mexico: The Coming and Process of the Mexican Revolution'', University of California Press ISBN 0-520-05995--6〕 Ricardo initially attended the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria. During this time, he participated in student opposition to President Porfirio Diaz and he was jailed for five months. Nevertheless, he graduated and then transferred to the National School of Law. While there, he worked as a proofreader for the student newspaper ''El Demócrata'' and narrowly escaped arrest when the entire staff was arrested by the police. He was in hiding for three months but continued his studies and received his law degree in 1895 and passed the examination of the Barra Mexicana-Colegio de Abogados (Mexican Bar and Advocate’s College).〔 He practised law for a short time and continued to study for a higher degree but was expelled from the school in 1898 because of his political activities. In 1900, he and his brother Jesús founded the newspaper ''El Regeneración'' in which Ricardo wrote numerous articles attacking Diaz. He also wrote articles for the opposition periodicals ''Excelsior'', ''La República Mexicana'', and ''El Hijo del Ahuizote''. He joined the PLM in 1900.〔"Ricardo Flores Magón", '' Dictionary of Hispanic Biography'' (1996), Gale, Detroit〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ricardo Flores Magón」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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